What are antioxidants and their primary function in the body?

Antioxidants are compounds that play a crucial role in protecting the body from oxidative stress, which is caused by free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells, proteins, and DNA by stealing electrons during a process called oxidation. This oxidative damage is linked to various health issues, including inflammation, aging, and chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease.

The primary function of antioxidants is to neutralize these free radicals, thereby preventing cellular damage and maintaining overall health. Common dietary antioxidants include vitamins C and E, selenium, and flavonoids, which can be found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains. By combating oxidative stress, antioxidants contribute to the body's ability to function optimally and support the immune system.

The other options, while related to various aspects of health and nutrition, do not correctly define the role of antioxidants in the body. Compounds that generate oxidative stress represent the opposite function of what antioxidants do, substances that enhance food absorption focus on digestive health rather than protective roles, and molecules that support muscle growth relate to muscle synthesis rather than cellular protection from oxidation.