How does dehydration affect athletic performance?

Dehydration significantly impairs athletic performance primarily through its negative effects on strength, endurance, and overall physical capabilities. When the body loses more fluids than it takes in, it can lead to an imbalance in electrolytes and overall hydration levels, which are critical for maintaining normal physiological functions during exercise.

In terms of strength, dehydration can reduce muscle contraction efficiency and decrease force output, making it harder for athletes to perform at their peak. For endurance, even mild dehydration can raise body temperature and heart rate, leading to increased perceived exertion and fatigue, which ultimately diminishes an athlete's stamina and ability to sustain prolonged physical activity.

Additionally, dehydration impacts cognitive functions, including focus and decision-making, which are essential in sports. This combination of decreased physical abilities and cognitive impairments explains why dehydration poses a considerable risk to athletic performance, making it crucial for athletes to maintain proper hydration before, during, and after physical activity.